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The primary purpose of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is to amplify DNA. PCR is a widely used molecular biology technique that enables the production of millions of copies of a specific DNA segment from a small initial sample. This amplification allows for sufficient quantities of DNA to be available for various applications, such as genetic testing, cloning, and forensic analysis.

While other techniques may focus on understanding or manipulating DNA in different ways, such as analyzing its structure, sequencing it, or extracting it from cells, their primary focus is not the amplification process itself. PCR specifically addresses the need to replicate a particular DNA sequence significantly, making it a foundational technique in genetics and molecular biology.