Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

What sensory function do the receptors in the olfactory membrane perform?

1. They detect tactile pressure.

2. They sense temperature changes.

3. They respond to chemical stimuli.

4. They interpret auditory signals.

The correct answer is: They respond to chemical stimuli.

The receptors in the olfactory membrane perform the function of responding to chemical stimuli. This is particularly important for the sense of smell, as the olfactory receptors are specialized to detect specific molecules in the environment, which are often volatile compounds. When these chemicals bind to the receptors in the olfactory epithelium, they initiate a signal transduction pathway that ultimately sends signals to the brain, allowing us to perceive different odors. In this context, the functions specified in the other options do not pertain to the olfactory membrane. Detecting tactile pressure relates to the somatosensory system, which is responsible for touch and pressure sensation. Sensing temperature changes is primarily a function of thermoreceptors, also part of the somatosensory system. Interpreting auditory signals corresponds to the auditory system, which is where sound waves are converted to nerve impulses, enabling hearing. Therefore, the unique function of the olfactory membrane focusing on chemical detection distinguishes it from these other sensory systems.