Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

Which is a function of ribosomal RNA during protein synthesis?

1. It transports amino acids to ribosomes

2. It carries the genetic code from DNA

3. It provides structural support for ribosomes

4. It catalyzes peptide bond formation

The correct answer is: It provides structural support for ribosomes

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) plays a crucial role in the formation and function of ribosomes, which are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs. One of its primary functions is to provide structural support, helping to maintain the shape and stability of the ribosome. Ribosomes are composed of both rRNA and proteins, but the rRNA is vital for the ribosome's integrity and overall function. In addition to its structural role, rRNA assists in the proper alignment of the ribosome's other components, including messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA), which are essential for decoding the genetic information and facilitating the synthesis of proteins. While rRNA does participate in the catalytic process of forming peptide bonds between amino acids, its main function is structural support. The other options describe functions related to different RNA types or aspects of protein synthesis. For instance, the transport of amino acids to ribosomes is performed by transfer RNA (tRNA), while messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes. The actual catalysis of peptide bond formation is a function primarily attributed to the ribosomal RNA within the ribosome, but the broader role of providing structural support is the key function described here.